58 CHALCEDON, The Council of, Sylvester Hassell The Council of Chalcedon also conferred on the Bishops of Rome, Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, and Jerusalem the titles of Patriarchs, thus laying the foundations of the unscriptural oligarchy of the Greek Catholic Church; and the Bishop of Rome, Leo the Great, who was in office from A.D. 440 to 461, and who was a man of extraordinary mental ability and of towering ambition, laid the foundations of the unscriptural monarchy of the Roman Catholic Church by striving to realize Cyprian’s invention of the supremacy of Peter over the other Apostles, the succession of the Bishop of Rome to Peter, and consequently that Bishop’s supremacy over the whole church” (Hassell’s History pg 407) (See also under NESTORIANISM)